Organizing determines how tasks are done, who is to do them, who reports to who, and where decisions are to be made. This describes which management function?

• A. The organizing function
• B. The planning function
• C. The leading function
• D. The controlling function

Answer: (A)

Organizing is the function that structures the work of an organization. It involves deciding what tasks must be done, how those tasks fit together, who will do them, who reports to whom, and where decisions are made. That framing—defining tasks, assigning responsibilities, establishing the reporting relationships, and designating decision rights—creates the actual organizational structure and workflow, which is exactly what organizing governs.

Planning focuses on setting goals and outlining how to achieve them, but it doesn’t specify who will do what or how authority and reporting lines are arranged. Leading centers on directing and influencing people to work toward those goals, including motivation and supervision. Controlling is about measuring performance, comparing it to standards, and making adjustments. The elements described in the question are about configuring the structure and authority that enable tasks to be carried out, which is organizing.