Planning encompasses what elements?

• A. An organization's goals, establishes strategy to achieve goals, develops a set of plans to integrate and coordinate activities
• B. A daily task checklist
• C. A personal performance review
• D. External supplier selection

Answer: (A)

Planning centers on defining where the organization wants to go, deciding how to get there, and laying out the concrete actions and resources needed to align people and activities. This means setting goals, shaping the strategy to achieve them, and developing a set of coordinated plans that integrate efforts across functions. That combination—clear goals, a chosen approach to reach them, and detailed plans to coordinate work—provides direction and reduces uncertainty as the organization moves forward.

The other options miss this broad, coordinating function: a daily task checklist is too narrow and focuses on routine tasks rather than guiding overall direction; a personal performance review evaluates past work rather than projecting future actions; and external supplier selection is a specific decision point, not the comprehensive planning process.