Which bias is exemplified by preferring people who share the same background?

• A. Confirmation bias
• B. Stereotyping
• C. Affinity bias
• D. Halo effect

Answer: (C)

Affinity bias is the tendency to favor people who share similar backgrounds, experiences, or characteristics. When someone reminds you of yourself or your own path, you feel more at ease, trust them more, and may unconsciously give them better opportunities or favorable treatment. This makes it the best fit for describing a preference for others who share the same background, since it centers on how similarity creates a sense of connection and comfort that can color judgments.

Confirmation bias would involve seeking information that confirms your preconceptions rather than choosing someone based on shared background. Stereotyping applies broad, generalized beliefs about a group rather than focusing on the personal similarity between individuals. The halo effect occurs when a single positive impression in one area colors judgments in unrelated areas, not specifically about background similarity. To counter affinity bias, use structured criteria and diverse, objective evaluation in decision-making.